Trip Mania

Google Geocoding API 2015.03.18 12:29

住所から座標を取得してGoogle Mapに反映させるというのにハマっています。まとめてみました。まず、最初の準備段階です。

Google Geocoding API - Google Maps API ウェブ サービス — Google Developers

http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/output?parameters
outputには、xml又はjsonが入ります。 parametersには、addressなどが入ります。

具体的には、例えば「東京タワー」の緯度経度を調べたいなら、

http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=東京タワー&sensor=false

このアドレスにブラウザでアクセスすると、 

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "東京タワー",
               "short_name" : "東京タワー",
               "types" : [ "point_of_interest", "establishment" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "８",
               "short_name" : "８",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_4", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "２",
               "short_name" : "２",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_3", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "４丁目",
               "short_name" : "４丁目",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_2", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "芝公園",
               "short_name" : "芝公園",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_1", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "港区",
               "short_name" : "港区",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "東京都",
               "short_name" : "東京都",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "日本",
               "short_name" : "JP",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "105-0011",
               "short_name" : "105-0011",
               "types" : [ "postal_code" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "日本, 〒105-0011 東京都港区芝公園４丁目２−８ 東京タワー",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.6585805,
               "lng" : 139.7454329
            },
            "location_type" : "APPROXIMATE",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.6599294802915,
                  "lng" : 139.7467818802915
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.6572315197085,
                  "lng" : 139.7440839197085
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJCewJkL2LGGAR3Qmk0vCTGkg",
         "types" : [ "point_of_interest", "establishment" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

「東京都港区芝公園４丁目２−８」を使って< 

http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=東京都港区芝公園４丁目２−８&sensor=false
にアクセスすると、 
{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "８",
               "short_name" : "８",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_4", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "２",
               "short_name" : "２",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_3", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "４丁目",
               "short_name" : "４丁目",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_2", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "芝公園",
               "short_name" : "芝公園",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_1", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "港区",
               "short_name" : "港区",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "東京都",
               "short_name" : "東京都",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "日本",
               "short_name" : "JP",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "105-0011",
               "short_name" : "105-0011",
               "types" : [ "postal_code" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "日本, 〒105-0011 東京都港区芝公園４丁目２−８",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.6585928,
               "lng" : 139.7454636
            },
            "location_type" : "ROOFTOP",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.6599417802915,
                  "lng" : 139.7468125802915
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.6572438197085,
                  "lng" : 139.7441146197085
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJ2el4kL2LGGARRVFaQHhRDUw",
         "types" : [ "sublocality_level_4", "sublocality", "political" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}
と表示されます。 このjsonで出力された内容を利用するために、rubyでスクリプトを書いてみました。 
#coding:utf-8

require 'open-uri'
require 'uri'
require 'json'

geocodeurl = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address="
geocodeend = "&sensor=false&language=ja"
address = "東京都港区芝公園４丁目２−８"

url = geocodeurl + address + geocodeend

puts url

url = URI.escape(url)

json = open(url)

json_text =""
json.each do |line|
	json_text = json_text + line
end

puts json_text

json_parsed = JSON.parse(json_text)

puts json_parsed

puts json_parsed["results"][0]["formatted_address"]

add_com = ""
add_com = json_parsed["results"][0]["address_components"]

add_com.each do |address|
	puts address["types"][0] + ":" + address["long_name"]
end
適当な場所に、geocode.rbと名前をつけて保存して、ruby geocode.rbで実行すると次のように表示されるはずです。 
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=東京都港区芝公園４丁目２−８&sensor=false&language=ja
{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "８",
               "short_name" : "８",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_4", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "２",
               "short_name" : "２",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_3", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "４丁目",
               "short_name" : "４丁目",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_2", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "芝公園",
               "short_name" : "芝公園",
               "types" : [ "sublocality_level_1", "sublocality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "港区",
               "short_name" : "港区",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "東京都",
               "short_name" : "東京都",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "日本",
               "short_name" : "JP",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "105-0011",
               "short_name" : "105-0011",
               "types" : [ "postal_code" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "日本, 〒105-0011 東京都港区芝公園４丁目２−８",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.6585928,
               "lng" : 139.7454636
            },
            "location_type" : "ROOFTOP",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.6599417802915,
                  "lng" : 139.7468125802915
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.6572438197085,
                  "lng" : 139.7441146197085
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJ2el4kL2LGGARRVFaQHhRDUw",
         "types" : [ "sublocality_level_4", "sublocality", "political" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}
{"results"=>[{"address_components"=>[{"long_name"=>"８", "short_name"=>"８", "types"=>["sublocality_level_4", "sublocality", "political"]}, {"long_name"=>"２", "short_name"=>"２", "types"=>["sublocality_level_3", "sublocality", "political"]}, {"long_name"=>"４丁目", "short_name"=>"４丁目", "types"=>["sublocality_level_2", "sublocality", "political"]}, {"long_name"=>"芝公園", "short_name"=>"芝公園", "types"=>["sublocality_level_1", "sublocality", "political"]}, {"long_name"=>"港区", "short_name"=>"港区", "types"=>["locality", "political"]}, {"long_name"=>"東京都", "short_name"=>"東京都", "types"=>["administrative_area_level_1", "political"]}, {"long_name"=>"日本", "short_name"=>"JP", "types"=>["country", "political"]}, {"long_name"=>"105-0011", "short_name"=>"105-0011", "types"=>["postal_code"]}], "formatted_address"=>"日本, 〒105-0011 東京都港区芝公園４丁目２−８", "geometry"=>{"location"=>{"lat"=>35.6585928, "lng"=>139.7454636}, "location_type"=>"ROOFTOP", "viewport"=>{"northeast"=>{"lat"=>35.6599417802915, "lng"=>139.7468125802915}, "southwest"=>{"lat"=>35.6572438197085, "lng"=>139.7441146197085}}}, "place_id"=>"ChIJ2el4kL2LGGARRVFaQHhRDUw", "types"=>["sublocality_level_4", "sublocality", "political"]}], "status"=>"OK"}
日本, 〒105-0011 東京都港区芝公園４丁目２−８
sublocality_level_4:８
sublocality_level_3:２
sublocality_level_2:４丁目
sublocality_level_1:芝公園
locality:港区
administrative_area_level_1:東京都
country:日本
postal_code:105-0011
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